Phimosis
It is the stenosis of the ring of the foreskin preventing the removal of the glans.
The treatment of phimosis consists of a circumcision
Testicular torsion
Clinical signs:
This is sudden unilateral scrotal pain without signs of infection with retraction of the inguinal ring and abolition of the cremasteric reflex. The testicle remains flexible.
Treatment
This is a surgical emergency requiring scrotal exploration.
Hydrocele
Hydrocele occurs when there is a collection of fluid inside the scrotum. This makes one testicle appear larger than the other. Most often, hydroceles are found in newborn boys.
This finding is especially seen in those who are born prematurely. Normally, the testis in a healthy newborn baby is found in a closed serous covering called the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum.
It is basically a serous pouch which is derived from the vaginalis of the peritoneum process.
The origin of tunica vaginalis produces a potential space, which under normal circumstances should not communicate with the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen.
Types of hydroceles
Hydroceles can be categorized into two types - communicating and simple.
The communicating hydroceles are a direct effect of the process vaginalis not closing. This leads to the continued evacuation of abdominal fluid into the scrotum.
Treatment
Beyond the age of two, treatment is mainly surgical.
In adults, treatment for hydrocele involves reduction of the vagina and / or ca plication.
Testicular ectopia
In young boys, the testis is made during embryonic life, next to the kidney, in the abdomen. Throughout fetal development, it descends to exit the abdominal cavity (through the inguinal canal) and come to be placed in the corresponding bursa. As it descends, the inguinal canal closes by sticking its walls.
Normally, at birth, each testicle has descended ... but sometimes one (or both) stops "along the way." In 90% of cases in the inguinal canal (more or less high), sometimes in the abdomen: this is the most complex case, because it is not detectable on palpation and can make its existence doubtful. / p>
When is this anomaly detected?
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Checking that the testicles are well descended is part of the pediatrician's assessment in the maternity ward. If he notices that one of them is not in his place, he will let you know, but there is no urgent need to intervene: barely 1% of little boys still have this problem. the age of 1 year.
On the other hand, if the pediatrician diagnoses an inguinal hernia (the testicle has not descended, the inguinal canal has not closed and the intestine has entered inside), he will consider an operation.
When can a definitive diagnosis be made?
All babies diagnosed with testicular ectopia at birth are re-examined one year later to see how the situation has progressed. The diagnosis is clinical: the doctor palpates the bursae to check whether the testicle has descended. If it is still in the wrong place, but the doctor can feel it on palpation, he will reassure you immediately. This is an "elevator" testicle: the inguinal canal has closed well, but leaves enough room for the testicle to rise slightly to its lower part (which happens when the child is restless or worried). All you have to do is ... wait: the testicle will snap into place by itself at puberty